← Introduction | Background & definitions | Methodological approach | Conclusions & next steps | Annexes | Bibliography
Two groups of policies were identified:
* Horizontal (cross‑cutting) – provide the governance backbone (access to information, public participation, access to justice). * Vertical (thematic) – focus on the three pillars (Zero‑pollution, Biodiversity, Deforestation).
Horizontal policies generally offer more opportunities for CCLA/CGD (e.g. Aarhus Convention, Environmental Impact Assessment Directive).
Table 6 (below) summarises the assessment per policy.
| Policy | CCLA promotion (colour) | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Aarhus Convention (1998) | green | Extensive public‑participation & information‑flow provisions |
| Strategic Environmental Assessment Directive (2001) | yellow | Early public consultation required |
| Access to Environmental Information Directive (2003) | yellow | One‑way information provision |
| Environmental Impact Assessment Directive (2014) | green | Two‑way participation encouraged |
| Environmental Crime Directive (2024) | green | Awareness‑raising campaigns & stakeholder cooperation |
| … (remaining policies) | … | … |
*Key take‑away*: Most policies contain at least one‑way communication (yellow); only a few (Aarhus, EIA 2014, EC 2024) reach green (two‑way).
Table 7 (below) shows the colour coding.
| Policy | CGD monitoring (colour) | Comments |
|---|---|---|
| Strategic Environmental Assessment Directive (2001) | yellow | Allows “existing monitoring arrangements” – could include CGD |
| Access to Environmental Information Directive (2003) | grey | No explicit monitoring reference |
| Environmental Impact Assessment Directive (2014) | yellow | “Unsolicited comments” may be CGD |
| Nature Restoration Regulation (2024) | green | Explicitly mandates use of citizen‑science data |
| Regulation on Deforestation‑Free Products (2023) | green | Allows NGOs, indigenous peoples, civil‑society data |
| … (remaining policies) | … | … |
#### Notable opportunities * Nature Restoration Regulation (2024) – Direct call for citizen‑science data. * Deforestation‑Free Products (2023) – Accepts data from NGOs, indigenous peoples, and “other publicly available sources”.
#### Typical restrictions * Bathing Water Directive (2006) – Requires ISO‑approved methods → possible barrier for CGD. * Nitrates Directive (1991) – No clear provision for CGD.
Table 8 summarises the assessment.
| Policy | CCLA enforcement (colour) | CGD enforcement (colour) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aarhus Convention (1998) | green | green | Right to judicial review, NGOs as observers |
| Environmental Crime Directive (2024) | green | yellow | Procedural rights for victims & witnesses |
| Regulation on Deforestation‑Free Products (2023) | green | green | Natural/legal persons may lodge substantiated concerns |
| … (remaining policies) | … | … | … |
#### Overall picture * Horizontal policies (Aarhus, EC 2024) provide the strongest enforcement pathways for citizens. * Most thematic policies defer enforcement to national law, yielding grey or red.
The table below aggregates the colour codes for each policy and each ECA intervention.
```dokuwiki
| Policy | CCLA promotion | CGD monitoring | CCLA enforcement | CGD enforcement |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aarhus Convention (1998) | green | – | green | green |
| Strategic Env. Assessment (2001) | yellow | yellow | – | – |
| Access to Env. Info (2003) | yellow | – | yellow | – |
| … (all 20 policies) | … | … | … | … |